Контрольна, 4 ст., 20 грн.

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FELONY AND MISDEMEANOUR

Most legal systems find it necessary to divide crimes into categories for various purposes connected with the procedure of the courts - determining, for instance, which kind of court may deal with which kind of offense.
The common law originally divided crimes into two categories -felonies (the graver crimes, generally punishable with death, which resulted in forfeiture of the perpetrator's land and goods) and misdemeanours (for which the common law provided fines or imprisonment).
There were many differences in the procedure of the courts according to whether the charge was felony or misdemeanour, and other matters that depended on the distinction included the power of the police to arrest a suspect on suspicion that he had committed a crime, since to arrest a suspect was generally permissible in felony, but not in misdemeanour. (Suspect is someone who is thought to be guilty of a crime).
By the early 19th century it had become clear that the growth of the law had rendered this classification obsolete and in many cases inconsistent with the gravity of the offenses concerned, for example, theft was a felony, irrespective of the amount stolen, but obtaining by fraud was always a misdemeanor. Efforts to abolish the distinction in English law did not succeed until 1967, when the distinction was replaced by that between arrestable offenses and other offenses. (Arrestable offenses are ones punishable with five years' imprisonment or more).
The traditional classification between felony and misdemeanour has been retained in many U.S. jurisdictions and is used as the basis of determining the court that will hear the case.

2. Перекладіть українською мовою такі слова та словосполучення

Felony, misdemeanour, arrestable offense, procedure of the courts, punishable with death, suspicion, to commit an offense, to abolish, hear the case, forfeiture.

3. Знайдіть у тексті та впишіть англійські еквіваленти таких слів та словосполучень
Конфіскація, звинувачення, загальне право, судова практика, несумісний, ув’язнення, підозрювана особа, штраф, крадіжка, отримання власності через шахрайство, тяжкість злочину.

4. Визначте, чи відповідають змісту тексту такі речення. Дайте правильну відповідь
1) Any kind of court may deal with any kind of offense.
2) Felonies are generally punishable with imprisonment.
3) Felonies are never resulted in forfeiture of the perpetrator's land and goods,
4) Misdemeanours are generally punishable with death.
5) To arrest a suspect was generally permissible in misdemeanour, but not in felony.
6) Theft was a misdemeanour, irrespective of the amount stolen.
7) Obtaining by fraud was always a felony.
8) Arrestableoffenses are ones punishable with ten years' imprisonment or more.
9) A suspect is someone who is guilty of an offense.

5. Дайте письмову відповідь на запитання.
1) What categories did the common law originally divide crimes into?
2) What crimes were originally punishable with death?
3) What were felonies resulted in?
4) What crimes were generally punishable with fines or imprisonment?
5) Was to arrest a suspect generally permissible in felony or misdemeanour?
6) What are arrestable offenses?
7) What is the traditional classification between felony and misdemeanour used as?

6. Випишіть із тексту дієслова в пасивному стані, перекладіть їх. Визначте часову форму цих дієслів.